AustralieFrV1, Main, Exploration, bibRecord, 005C14

Glacial Survival of Boreal Trees in Northern Scandinavia

Identifieur interne : 005C14 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 005C13; suivant : 005C15

Glacial Survival of Boreal Trees in Northern Scandinavia

Auteurs : Laura Parducci [Suède, Danemark] ; Tina J Rgensen [Danemark] ; Mari Mette Tollefsrud [Norvège] ; Ellen Elverland [Norvège] ; Torbj Rn Alm [Norvège] ; Sonia L. Fontana [Suède, Allemagne, Finlande] ; K. D. Bennett [Suède, Irlande (pays)] ; James Haile [Danemark, Australie] ; Irina Matetovici [Suède, Roumanie] ; Yoshihisa Suyama [Japon] ; Mary E. Edwards [Royaume-Uni] ; Kenneth Andersen [Danemark] ; Morten Rasmussen [Danemark] ; Sanne Boessenkool [Norvège] ; Eric Coissac [France] ; Christian Brochmann [Norvège] ; Pierre Taberlet [France] ; Michael Houmark-Nielsen [Danemark] ; Nicolaj Krog Larsen [Danemark] ; Ludovic Orlando [Danemark] ; M. Thomas [Danemark] ; P. Gilbert [Danemark] ; Kurt H. Kjaer [Danemark] ; Inger Greve Alsos [Norvège] ; Eske Willerslev [Danemark]

Source :

Science : (Washington, D.C.) [ 0036-8075 ] ; 2012.

RBID : Pascal:12-0133131

Descripteurs français

Pascal (Inist)
- Arbre forestier résineux, Forêt boréale, Survie, Glaciation, DNA, Haplotype, Pays Scandinaves.
Wicri :
- topic : Forêt boréale.

English descriptors

KwdEn :
- Boreal forest, DNA, Glaciation, Haplotype, Scandinavia, Softwood forest tree, Survival.

Abstract

It is commonly believed that trees were absent in Scandinavia during the last glaciation and first recolonized the Scandinavian Peninsula with the retreat of its ice sheet some 9000 years ago. Here, we show the presence of a rare mitochondrial DNA haplotype of spruce that appears unique to Scandinavia and with its highest frequency to the west-an area believed to sustain ice-free refugia during most of the last ice age. We further show the survival of DNA from this haplotype in lake sediments and pollen of Trøndelag in central Norway dating back ˜10,300 years and chloroplast DNA of pine and spruce in lake sediments adjacent to the ice-free Andøya refugium in northwestern Norway as early as ˜22,000 and 17,700 years ago, respectively. Our findings imply that conifer trees survived in ice-free refugia of Scandinavia during the last glaciation, challenging current views on survival and spread of trees as a response to climate changes.

Affiliations:

Allemagne, Australie, Danemark, Finlande, France, Irlande (pays), Japon, Norvège, Roumanie, Royaume-Uni, Suède
Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes, Basse-Saxe, East Middle Sweden, Hovedstaden, Rhône-Alpes, Région de Tōhoku, Svealand, Uusimaa, Østlandet
Copenhague, Grenoble, Göttingen, Helsinki, Oslo, Sendai, Uppsala
Université d'Helsinki, Université d'Uppsala, Université du Tōhoku

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Le document en format XML

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<author><name sortKey="Gilbert, P" sort="Gilbert, P" uniqKey="Gilbert P" first="P." last="Gilbert">P. Gilbert</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
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</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kjaer, Kurt H" sort="Kjaer, Kurt H" uniqKey="Kjaer K" first="Kurt H." last="Kjaer">Kurt H. Kjaer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
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<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
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</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Greve Alsos, Inger" sort="Greve Alsos, Inger" uniqKey="Greve Alsos I" first="Inger" last="Greve Alsos">Inger Greve Alsos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Tromsø University Museum</s1>
<s2>9037 Tromsø</s2>
<s3>NOR</s3>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>24 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Norvège</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Tromsø University Museum</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Willerslev, Eske" sort="Willerslev, Eske" uniqKey="Willerslev E" first="Eske" last="Willerslev">Eske Willerslev</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
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</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</titleStmt>
<publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">INIST</idno>
<idno type="inist">12-0133131</idno>
<date when="2012">2012</date>
<idno type="stanalyst">PASCAL 12-0133131 INIST</idno>
<idno type="RBID">Pascal:12-0133131</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Corpus">001537</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Curation">004975</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/PascalFrancis/Checkpoint">001083</idno>
<idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="PascalFrancis" wicri:step="Checkpoint">001083</idno>
<idno type="wicri:doubleKey">0036-8075:2012:Parducci L:glacial:survival:of</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Merge">005F18</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Curation">005C14</idno>
<idno type="wicri:Area/Main/Exploration">005C14</idno>
</publicationStmt>
<sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title xml:lang="en" level="a">Glacial Survival of Boreal Trees in Northern Scandinavia</title>
<author><name sortKey="Parducci, Laura" sort="Parducci, Laura" uniqKey="Parducci L" first="Laura" last="Parducci">Laura Parducci</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 18D</s1>
<s2>75236 Uppsala</s2>
<s3>SWE</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Suède</country>
<wicri:noRegion>75236 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Uppsala</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Uppsala</settlement>
<region nuts="1">Svealand</region>
<region nuts="1">East Middle Sweden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
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</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="J Rgensen, Tina" sort="J Rgensen, Tina" uniqKey="J Rgensen T" first="Tina" last="J Rgensen">Tina J Rgensen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
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</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Mette Tollefsrud, Mari" sort="Mette Tollefsrud, Mari" uniqKey="Mette Tollefsrud M" first="Mari" last="Mette Tollefsrud">Mari Mette Tollefsrud</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="03"><s1>Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute</s1>
<s2>Høgskoleveien 8, 1430 As</s2>
<s3>NOR</s3>
<sZ>3 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Norvège</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Norwegian Forest and Landscape Institute</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Elverland, Ellen" sort="Elverland, Ellen" uniqKey="Elverland E" first="Ellen" last="Elverland">Ellen Elverland</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Tromsø University Museum</s1>
<s2>9037 Tromsø</s2>
<s3>NOR</s3>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>24 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Norvège</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Tromsø University Museum</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Alm, Torbj Rn" sort="Alm, Torbj Rn" uniqKey="Alm T" first="Torbj Rn" last="Alm">Torbj Rn Alm</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Tromsø University Museum</s1>
<s2>9037 Tromsø</s2>
<s3>NOR</s3>
<sZ>4 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>5 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>24 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Norvège</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Tromsø University Museum</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Fontana, Sonia L" sort="Fontana, Sonia L" uniqKey="Fontana S" first="Sonia L." last="Fontana">Sonia L. Fontana</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 18D</s1>
<s2>75236 Uppsala</s2>
<s3>SWE</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Suède</country>
<wicri:noRegion>75236 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Uppsala</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Uppsala</settlement>
<region nuts="1">Svealand</region>
<region nuts="1">East Middle Sweden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="05"><s1>Department of Palynology and Climate Dynamics, University of Göttingen, Untere Karspüle 2</s1>
<s2>37073 Gottingen</s2>
<s3>DEU</s3>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Allemagne</country>
<placeName><region type="land" nuts="2">Basse-Saxe</region>
<settlement type="city">Göttingen</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="06"><s1>Department of Geology, University of Helsinki, Post Office Box 64</s1>
<s2>00014</s2>
<s3>FIN</s3>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Finlande</country>
<wicri:noRegion>00014</wicri:noRegion>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Helsinki</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Helsinki</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Uusimaa</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Bennett, K D" sort="Bennett, K D" uniqKey="Bennett K" first="K. D." last="Bennett">K. D. Bennett</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="07"><s1>Department of Earth Sciences, Uppsala University, Villavägen 16</s1>
<s2>75236 Uppsala</s2>
<s3>SWE</s3>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Suède</country>
<wicri:noRegion>75236 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Uppsala</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Uppsala</settlement>
<region nuts="1">Svealand</region>
<region nuts="1">East Middle Sweden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="08"><s1>School of Geography, Archaeology and Palaeoecology, Queen's University Belfast, University Road</s1>
<s2>Belfast BT7 1NN</s2>
<s3>IRL</s3>
<sZ>7 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Irlande (pays)</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Belfast BT7 1NN</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Haile, James" sort="Haile, James" uniqKey="Haile J" first="James" last="Haile">James Haile</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>13 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>18 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>20 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>21 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>22 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>25 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="09"><s1>Ancient DNA Research Laboratory, Murdoch University, South Street</s1>
<s2>Perth 6150</s2>
<s3>AUS</s3>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Australie</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Perth 6150</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Matetovici, Irina" sort="Matetovici, Irina" uniqKey="Matetovici I" first="Irina" last="Matetovici">Irina Matetovici</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="01"><s1>Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, Norbyvagen 18D</s1>
<s2>75236 Uppsala</s2>
<s3>SWE</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>6 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Suède</country>
<wicri:noRegion>75236 Uppsala</wicri:noRegion>
<orgName type="university">Université d'Uppsala</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Uppsala</settlement>
<region nuts="1">Svealand</region>
<region nuts="1">East Middle Sweden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="10"><s1>Molecular Biology Center, Interdisciplinary Research Institute on Bio-Nano-Sciences, Babes-Bolyai-University Cluj Napoca, 42 Treboniu Laurian Street</s1>
<s2>400271 Cluj-Napoca</s2>
<s3>ROU</s3>
<sZ>9 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Roumanie</country>
<wicri:noRegion>400271 Cluj-Napoca</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Suyama, Yoshihisa" sort="Suyama, Yoshihisa" uniqKey="Suyama Y" first="Yoshihisa" last="Suyama">Yoshihisa Suyama</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="4"><inist:fA14 i1="11"><s1>Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, 232-3 Yomogida, Naruko-onsen</s1>
<s2>Osaki, Miyagi 989-6711</s2>
<s3>JPN</s3>
<sZ>10 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Japon</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Osaki, Miyagi 989-6711</wicri:noRegion>
<orgName type="university">Université du Tōhoku</orgName>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Sendai</settlement>
<region type="province">Région de Tōhoku</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Edwards, Mary E" sort="Edwards, Mary E" uniqKey="Edwards M" first="Mary E." last="Edwards">Mary E. Edwards</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="12"><s1>Geography and Environment, University of Southampton, Highfield</s1>
<s2>Southampton S017 1BJ</s2>
<s3>GBR</s3>
<sZ>11 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Royaume-Uni</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Southampton S017 1BJ</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Andersen, Kenneth" sort="Andersen, Kenneth" uniqKey="Andersen K" first="Kenneth" last="Andersen">Kenneth Andersen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
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<sZ>20 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>21 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>22 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>25 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Rasmussen, Morten" sort="Rasmussen, Morten" uniqKey="Rasmussen M" first="Morten" last="Rasmussen">Morten Rasmussen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
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<sZ>22 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>25 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="13"><s1>The Danish National High-Throughput DNA Sequencing Facility, Øster Farimagsgade 2D entrance E, 2nd floor</s1>
<s2>1353 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>13 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Boessenkool, Sanne" sort="Boessenkool, Sanne" uniqKey="Boessenkool S" first="Sanne" last="Boessenkool">Sanne Boessenkool</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>National Centre for Biosystematics, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1172 Blindern</s1>
<s2>0318 Oslo</s2>
<s3>NOR</s3>
<sZ>14 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>16 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Norvège</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oslo</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Østlandet</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Coissac, Eric" sort="Coissac, Eric" uniqKey="Coissac E" first="Eric" last="Coissac">Eric Coissac</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Universite de Grenoble, BP 53</s1>
<s2>38041 Grenoble</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>15 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>17 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region>
<settlement type="city">Grenoble</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Brochmann, Christian" sort="Brochmann, Christian" uniqKey="Brochmann C" first="Christian" last="Brochmann">Christian Brochmann</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="14"><s1>National Centre for Biosystematics, Natural History Museum, University of Oslo, Post Office Box 1172 Blindern</s1>
<s2>0318 Oslo</s2>
<s3>NOR</s3>
<sZ>14 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>16 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Norvège</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Oslo</settlement>
<region nuts="2">Østlandet</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Taberlet, Pierre" sort="Taberlet, Pierre" uniqKey="Taberlet P" first="Pierre" last="Taberlet">Pierre Taberlet</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="3"><inist:fA14 i1="15"><s1>Laboratoire d'Ecologie Alpine, CNRS UMR 5553, Universite de Grenoble, BP 53</s1>
<s2>38041 Grenoble</s2>
<s3>FRA</s3>
<sZ>15 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>17 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>France</country>
<placeName><region type="region" nuts="2">Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</region>
<region type="old region" nuts="2">Rhône-Alpes</region>
<settlement type="city">Grenoble</settlement>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Houmark Nielsen, Michael" sort="Houmark Nielsen, Michael" uniqKey="Houmark Nielsen M" first="Michael" last="Houmark-Nielsen">Michael Houmark-Nielsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>2 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>8 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>12 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>13 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>18 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>20 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>21 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>22 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>23 aut.</sZ>
<sZ>25 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Krog Larsen, Nicolaj" sort="Krog Larsen, Nicolaj" uniqKey="Krog Larsen N" first="Nicolaj" last="Krog Larsen">Nicolaj Krog Larsen</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="16"><s1>Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Høegh-Guldbergs Gade 2</s1>
<s2>8000 Aarhus</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>19 aut.</sZ>
</inist:fA14>
<country>Danemark</country>
<wicri:noRegion>8000 Aarhus</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Orlando, Ludovic" sort="Orlando, Ludovic" uniqKey="Orlando L" first="Ludovic" last="Orlando">Ludovic Orlando</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
<sZ>1 aut.</sZ>
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<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
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<author><name sortKey="Thomas, M" sort="Thomas, M" uniqKey="Thomas M" first="M." last="Thomas">M. Thomas</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
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<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Gilbert, P" sort="Gilbert, P" uniqKey="Gilbert P" first="P." last="Gilbert">P. Gilbert</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
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<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Kjaer, Kurt H" sort="Kjaer, Kurt H" uniqKey="Kjaer K" first="Kurt H." last="Kjaer">Kurt H. Kjaer</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
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<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
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</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Greve Alsos, Inger" sort="Greve Alsos, Inger" uniqKey="Greve Alsos I" first="Inger" last="Greve Alsos">Inger Greve Alsos</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="04"><s1>Tromsø University Museum</s1>
<s2>9037 Tromsø</s2>
<s3>NOR</s3>
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<country>Norvège</country>
<wicri:noRegion>Tromsø University Museum</wicri:noRegion>
</affiliation>
</author>
<author><name sortKey="Willerslev, Eske" sort="Willerslev, Eske" uniqKey="Willerslev E" first="Eske" last="Willerslev">Eske Willerslev</name>
<affiliation wicri:level="1"><inist:fA14 i1="02"><s1>Centre for GeoGenetics, Natural History Museum of Denmark, University of Copenhagen, Øster Voldgade 5-7</s1>
<s2>1350 Copenhagen</s2>
<s3>DNK</s3>
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<country>Danemark</country>
<placeName><settlement type="city">Copenhague</settlement>
<region type="région" nuts="2">Hovedstaden</region>
</placeName>
</affiliation>
</author>
</analytic>
<series><title level="j" type="main">Science : (Washington, D.C.)</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Science : (Wash. D.C.)</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0036-8075</idno>
<imprint><date when="2012">2012</date>
</imprint>
</series>
</biblStruct>
</sourceDesc>
<seriesStmt><title level="j" type="main">Science : (Washington, D.C.)</title>
<title level="j" type="abbreviated">Science : (Wash. D.C.)</title>
<idno type="ISSN">0036-8075</idno>
</seriesStmt>
</fileDesc>
<profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Boreal forest</term>
<term>DNA</term>
<term>Glaciation</term>
<term>Haplotype</term>
<term>Scandinavia</term>
<term>Softwood forest tree</term>
<term>Survival</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Pascal" xml:lang="fr"><term>Arbre forestier résineux</term>
<term>Forêt boréale</term>
<term>Survie</term>
<term>Glaciation</term>
<term>DNA</term>
<term>Haplotype</term>
<term>Pays Scandinaves</term>
</keywords>
<keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>Forêt boréale</term>
</keywords>
</textClass>
</profileDesc>
</teiHeader>
<front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">It is commonly believed that trees were absent in Scandinavia during the last glaciation and first recolonized the Scandinavian Peninsula with the retreat of its ice sheet some 9000 years ago. Here, we show the presence of a rare mitochondrial DNA haplotype of spruce that appears unique to Scandinavia and with its highest frequency to the west-an area believed to sustain ice-free refugia during most of the last ice age. We further show the survival of DNA from this haplotype in lake sediments and pollen of Trøndelag in central Norway dating back ˜10,300 years and chloroplast DNA of pine and spruce in lake sediments adjacent to the ice-free Andøya refugium in northwestern Norway as early as ˜22,000 and 17,700 years ago, respectively. Our findings imply that conifer trees survived in ice-free refugia of Scandinavia during the last glaciation, challenging current views on survival and spread of trees as a response to climate changes.</div>
</front>
</TEI>
<affiliations><list><country><li>Allemagne</li>
<li>Australie</li>
<li>Danemark</li>
<li>Finlande</li>
<li>France</li>
<li>Irlande (pays)</li>
<li>Japon</li>
<li>Norvège</li>
<li>Roumanie</li>
<li>Royaume-Uni</li>
<li>Suède</li>
</country>
<region><li>Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes</li>
<li>Basse-Saxe</li>
<li>East Middle Sweden</li>
<li>Hovedstaden</li>
<li>Rhône-Alpes</li>
<li>Région de Tōhoku</li>
<li>Svealand</li>
<li>Uusimaa</li>
<li>Østlandet</li>
</region>
<settlement><li>Copenhague</li>
<li>Grenoble</li>
<li>Göttingen</li>
<li>Helsinki</li>
<li>Oslo</li>
<li>Sendai</li>
<li>Uppsala</li>
</settlement>
<orgName><li>Université d'Helsinki</li>
<li>Université d'Uppsala</li>
<li>Université du Tōhoku</li>
</orgName>
</list>
<tree><country name="Suède"><region name="Svealand"><name sortKey="Parducci, Laura" sort="Parducci, Laura" uniqKey="Parducci L" first="Laura" last="Parducci">Laura Parducci</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Bennett, K D" sort="Bennett, K D" uniqKey="Bennett K" first="K. D." last="Bennett">K. D. Bennett</name>
<name sortKey="Fontana, Sonia L" sort="Fontana, Sonia L" uniqKey="Fontana S" first="Sonia L." last="Fontana">Sonia L. Fontana</name>
<name sortKey="Matetovici, Irina" sort="Matetovici, Irina" uniqKey="Matetovici I" first="Irina" last="Matetovici">Irina Matetovici</name>
</country>
<country name="Danemark"><region name="Hovedstaden"><name sortKey="Parducci, Laura" sort="Parducci, Laura" uniqKey="Parducci L" first="Laura" last="Parducci">Laura Parducci</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Andersen, Kenneth" sort="Andersen, Kenneth" uniqKey="Andersen K" first="Kenneth" last="Andersen">Kenneth Andersen</name>
<name sortKey="Gilbert, P" sort="Gilbert, P" uniqKey="Gilbert P" first="P." last="Gilbert">P. Gilbert</name>
<name sortKey="Haile, James" sort="Haile, James" uniqKey="Haile J" first="James" last="Haile">James Haile</name>
<name sortKey="Houmark Nielsen, Michael" sort="Houmark Nielsen, Michael" uniqKey="Houmark Nielsen M" first="Michael" last="Houmark-Nielsen">Michael Houmark-Nielsen</name>
<name sortKey="J Rgensen, Tina" sort="J Rgensen, Tina" uniqKey="J Rgensen T" first="Tina" last="J Rgensen">Tina J Rgensen</name>
<name sortKey="Kjaer, Kurt H" sort="Kjaer, Kurt H" uniqKey="Kjaer K" first="Kurt H." last="Kjaer">Kurt H. Kjaer</name>
<name sortKey="Krog Larsen, Nicolaj" sort="Krog Larsen, Nicolaj" uniqKey="Krog Larsen N" first="Nicolaj" last="Krog Larsen">Nicolaj Krog Larsen</name>
<name sortKey="Orlando, Ludovic" sort="Orlando, Ludovic" uniqKey="Orlando L" first="Ludovic" last="Orlando">Ludovic Orlando</name>
<name sortKey="Rasmussen, Morten" sort="Rasmussen, Morten" uniqKey="Rasmussen M" first="Morten" last="Rasmussen">Morten Rasmussen</name>
<name sortKey="Rasmussen, Morten" sort="Rasmussen, Morten" uniqKey="Rasmussen M" first="Morten" last="Rasmussen">Morten Rasmussen</name>
<name sortKey="Thomas, M" sort="Thomas, M" uniqKey="Thomas M" first="M." last="Thomas">M. Thomas</name>
<name sortKey="Willerslev, Eske" sort="Willerslev, Eske" uniqKey="Willerslev E" first="Eske" last="Willerslev">Eske Willerslev</name>
</country>
<country name="Norvège"><noRegion><name sortKey="Mette Tollefsrud, Mari" sort="Mette Tollefsrud, Mari" uniqKey="Mette Tollefsrud M" first="Mari" last="Mette Tollefsrud">Mari Mette Tollefsrud</name>
</noRegion>
<name sortKey="Alm, Torbj Rn" sort="Alm, Torbj Rn" uniqKey="Alm T" first="Torbj Rn" last="Alm">Torbj Rn Alm</name>
<name sortKey="Boessenkool, Sanne" sort="Boessenkool, Sanne" uniqKey="Boessenkool S" first="Sanne" last="Boessenkool">Sanne Boessenkool</name>
<name sortKey="Brochmann, Christian" sort="Brochmann, Christian" uniqKey="Brochmann C" first="Christian" last="Brochmann">Christian Brochmann</name>
<name sortKey="Elverland, Ellen" sort="Elverland, Ellen" uniqKey="Elverland E" first="Ellen" last="Elverland">Ellen Elverland</name>
<name sortKey="Greve Alsos, Inger" sort="Greve Alsos, Inger" uniqKey="Greve Alsos I" first="Inger" last="Greve Alsos">Inger Greve Alsos</name>
</country>
<country name="Allemagne"><region name="Basse-Saxe"><name sortKey="Fontana, Sonia L" sort="Fontana, Sonia L" uniqKey="Fontana S" first="Sonia L." last="Fontana">Sonia L. Fontana</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Finlande"><region name="Uusimaa"><name sortKey="Fontana, Sonia L" sort="Fontana, Sonia L" uniqKey="Fontana S" first="Sonia L." last="Fontana">Sonia L. Fontana</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Irlande (pays)"><noRegion><name sortKey="Bennett, K D" sort="Bennett, K D" uniqKey="Bennett K" first="K. D." last="Bennett">K. D. Bennett</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Australie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Haile, James" sort="Haile, James" uniqKey="Haile J" first="James" last="Haile">James Haile</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Roumanie"><noRegion><name sortKey="Matetovici, Irina" sort="Matetovici, Irina" uniqKey="Matetovici I" first="Irina" last="Matetovici">Irina Matetovici</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="Japon"><region name="Région de Tōhoku"><name sortKey="Suyama, Yoshihisa" sort="Suyama, Yoshihisa" uniqKey="Suyama Y" first="Yoshihisa" last="Suyama">Yoshihisa Suyama</name>
</region>
</country>
<country name="Royaume-Uni"><noRegion><name sortKey="Edwards, Mary E" sort="Edwards, Mary E" uniqKey="Edwards M" first="Mary E." last="Edwards">Mary E. Edwards</name>
</noRegion>
</country>
<country name="France"><region name="Auvergne-Rhône-Alpes"><name sortKey="Coissac, Eric" sort="Coissac, Eric" uniqKey="Coissac E" first="Eric" last="Coissac">Eric Coissac</name>
</region>
<name sortKey="Taberlet, Pierre" sort="Taberlet, Pierre" uniqKey="Taberlet P" first="Pierre" last="Taberlet">Pierre Taberlet</name>
</country>
</tree>
</affiliations>
</record>

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Glacial Survival of Boreal Trees in Northern Scandinavia

Glacial Survival of Boreal Trees in Northern Scandinavia

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